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Baikonur travel guide, guidebook and phrasebooks, download .pdf chapters on Lonely Planet.
Baikonur (Kazakh: Байқоңыр, Bayqonir; Russian: Байконур, Baykonur), formerly known as Leninsk, is a city in Kyzylorda Province of Kazakhstan, rented and administered by Russia. It was constructed to service the Baikonur Cosmodrome and was officially renamed Baikonur by Russian president Boris Yeltsin on December 20, 1995. The shape of the area rented is an ellipse, measuring 90 kilometres east to west, by 85 kilometres north to south, with the cosmodrome at the centre. The original Baikonur is a mining town a few hundred kilometres northeast, near Dzhezkazgan in Kazakhstan's Karagandy Province. The launch site was given this name to cause confusion and keep the location secret. This town was specifically chosen because the flight path of the rockets that launched many Soviet satellites, including the first Sputnik, passed over its vicinity. The name Baikonur is Kazakh for 'wealthy brown', i.e. 'fertile land with many herbs'. The railway station there, however, predates the base and keeps the old name - Tyuratam ... more on Wikipedia.The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply.
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